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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants, which are the most commonly prescribed treatment for ADHD, appear to regulate brain chemicals and boost their levels. However, they don't cure the condition and can only aid in managing symptoms so long as they are taken regularly. The side effects of ADHD medication can include changes in blood pressure as well as heart rate, anxiety, and tics. Children and teens who take stimulant drugs notice a slight reduction in their growth rate. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a central nerve stimulant, is the most common medication used to treat ADHD. It is available in various forms, such as tablets that chew liquid and an oral disintegrating tablet, which acts long, and a pill with extended release. The drug boosts the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. This helps to improve concentration. It can also lessen the symptoms of anxiety and depression. When coupled with other treatments, such as behavioral therapy, methylphenidate may be an effective treatment for ADHD. Methylphenidate blocks the transporters that remove these neurotransmitters normally from the brain. The drug can cause a small increase in heart rate and blood pressure. It may also trigger rapid changes in blood sugar levels, so those with diabetes must be cautious when taking this medication. Speak to your doctor when you notice any of these signs. Methylphenidate may also cause Raynaud’s phenomenon which causes numbness in the feet and fingers. similar web-site is a rare but serious side effect. It is important to inform your doctor in the event that these symptoms are observed. Some people are concerned that methylphenidate can slow down children's growth. However this hasn't been proved. If your child is taking methylphenidate, be sure to keep an eye on their weight and height. If your child is on chewable tablets of methylphenidate that contains phenylalanine which is a risk for children suffering from the genetic disorder phenylketonuria (PKU). Consult your physician about a different formulation of methylphenidate if you have PKU. Stimulants are the most popular treatment for ADHD however, some individuals have issues with these medications. In these cases, doctors may prescribe other drugs that function similarly. There are also other stimulants like dexamfetamine and lisdexamfetamine, in addition to methylphenidate. These are more potent than methylphenidate, and they can last longer. They are usually taken twice or three times daily, but some people might be able take them more frequently. Psychological treatments are also available to treat ADHD however they are less likely to be helpful than a stimulant. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also called Strattera and is a nonstimulant ADHD drug that increases concentration while reducing the impulsivity and hyperactivity. It's part of a group of drugs known as selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors and is a stimulant of dopamine and norepinephrine, two chemical messengers that control the brain's activity. It is a favorite among people of all ages who need an alternative to stimulants like Adderall or Vyvanse. It is crucial to understand that atomoxetine doesn't work instantly. It may take up to 6 weeks before the effects of this medication become apparent. Additionally, you may experience side-effects such as diminished appetite, drowsiness and upset stomach. However, the benefits of atomoxetine outweigh the risks for a majority of patients. The effectiveness of atomoxetine was verified in a double-blind, multisite placebo-controlled study involving 297 ADHD patients aged 12 to 18. Participants were randomly assigned to receive atomoxetine at a daily dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo over 9 weeks. In both atomoxetine and placebo groups, symptoms of depression were less. The atomoxetine treatment group showed better improvement in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. However, the improvement was modest (Michelson and colleagues 2001). In another open trial in another open trial, 10 patients with ADHD who failed to respond to stimulants were treated with atomoxetine over 8 weeks. The group treated with atomoxetine showed improvement in ADHD symptoms in comparison to placebo, with scores on Conners Adult ADHD Scale Investigator Version of the screening and Clinical Global Impression of Severity scales improving significantly. One patient was unable to continue treatment due to an outbreak of rash. Three patients reported intermittent gastrointestinal problems and one reported increased fatigue (Kratochvil and colleagues, 2005). Talk to your doctor before you start treatment with atomoxetine. Discuss your health history, including any medications or supplements you're taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as over the counter medicines. It is particularly important to tell your doctor if there is narrow-angle glaucoma, thyroid tumor or adrenal gland tumor or high blood pressure, heart disease, or an unusually sudden death. You should stay clear of atomoxetine as well in the event that you've taken an MAO inhibitor, such isocarboxazid or linezolid in the past 14 days, or rasagiline Methylene Blue Injection phenelzine or tranylcypromine. Bupropion Bupropion, a nonstimulant, can help to improve ADHD symptoms. It can also decrease the amount of impulsivity and improve concentration. However, it does not affect the brain in the same way that stimulants do. Only prescriptions are approved. Your doctor will decide the best dosage for you. Bupropion is available as capsules and tablets. It is essential to follow the directions. You may experience withdrawal symptoms in the event that you stop abruptly. The most common dosage is two or three doses daily divided by four to six hours. The dosage can range from 100mg twice or three times per day to 150mg three or four times daily. The drug is absorbed into the digestive tract and is excreted in urine, which means that it cannot be absorbed into breast milk. However, it could get into the bloodstream and cause damage to other organs. Bupropion may increase blood pressure, making it important to monitor it frequently. Bupropion can, in addition to helping to reduce ADHD symptoms, can also reduce depression. It can also be used to treat bipolar disorder. It is a method of blocking dopamine receptors within your brain. Dopamine, a neurotransmitter, is blocked from entering your brain, which can help stabilize mood. Bupropion can interact with other medications, so it's important to inform your doctor of any other medications you're taking. It's also important to find out if you have any allergies. You should also avoid caffeine and other stimulants that can make the side effects worse. Several studies have examined the effects of bupropion versus placebos in adults suffering from ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed, and the majority of studies were not conducted properly. Many of these studies did not include participants with psychiatric co-morbidity. Nevertheless, the data suggest that bupropion may have a small impact on ADHD. More research is needed to determine positive outcomes for patients, including an improvement in the quality of living. Before effective treatments can be developed it is essential to understand the underlying causes of the molecular types of ADHD. This requires a deeper understanding of the connection between the different molecular pathways. Moreover, it's critical to know how various anti-ADHD medications work with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants Antidepressants can be prescribed by doctors if stimulants prescribed to children with ADHD don't work or cause adverse side adverse effects. These medications, such as imipramine and Nortriptyline, (Aventyl and Pamelor), increase the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which helps people concentrate. These are older medications which can cause serious adverse reactions, and are usually tried only when other drugs have failed. The first choice of antidepressants for depression is typically a selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) like fluoxetine sertraline, citalopram, or escitalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants that have been around for decades, may still be used in certain situations. They are effective in treating neuropathic and other pains but their antidepressant action is not the same. They increase the potency of noradrenephrine by reducing its reuptake, and also act as lower modulators of pain pathways within the spinal cord. SSRIs are less toxic and have less adverse effects than tricyclic antidepressants. They are also safer during pregnancy and don't appear to be teratogenic for humans or animals. However, they may cause severe withdrawal symptoms if abruptly stopped. To lessen the negative side effects, your doctor may suggest reducing your dose gradually over several weeks. While not officially approved by the FDA as an adhd medication Bupropion is a widely prescribed antidepressant off-label for ADHD. It's believed to be effective by increasing the neurotransmitters norepinephrine, dopamine and acetylcholine within the brain, which improves concentration. It also has been proven to reduce anxiety and can be combined with stimulants to get faster and lasting results. Although there aren't any other FDA-approved medications that are nonstimulant for ADHD however, many people find relief with the use of supplements to their diets and herbs. A diet that is low in fat and sugar can also help to reduce ADHD symptoms. Some people might benefit by avoiding caffeine. Discuss with your doctor any medications you or your child take, including herbal remedies and prescription medications. This can help reduce unwanted side effects and prevent interactions. ADHD medications can affect everyone differently, and it's often an exercise of trial and error to find the right drug and dosage for your child or you.